Encyclopedia of Zoroastrianism. Ahura Mazda.

Ahura Mazda, the central figure of Zoroastrianism, is the supreme god and embodiment of all that is good, wise, and just. His name translates to “Wise Lord” or “Lord of Wisdom” in Old Persian—Ahu (lord) and Mazda (wisdom)—reflecting his dual role as creator and ultimate source of knowledge. Conceived by the prophet Zarathustra in ancient Iran, Ahura Mazda stands alone as an uncreated, eternal being who brought the universe into existence through his thought and will. He is not just a distant deity but an active force, sustaining order and truth (asha) against chaos and deceit (druj).

Unlike many ancient gods tied to nature or war, Ahura Mazda is abstract, transcendent, and wholly good, with no trace of evil within him. He’s flanked by the Amesha Spentas, benevolent immortals like aspects of his essence—think wisdom, devotion, or justice—helping govern creation. His adversary, Angra Mainyu (or Ahriman), embodies destruction, but Ahura Mazda’s ultimate victory is assured in Zoroastrian eschatology, promising a renewed world free of evil.

Worshipped through fire and water, symbols of his purity, Ahura Mazda represents a radical monotheistic shift, influencing later religions. He’s the light of reason in a cosmic battle, inviting humanity to align with his goodness.